I-Grayscale ibhekisela kumqondo obalulekile osetshenziselwa ukumela ushintsho lokukhanya kombala ekucutshungulweni kwesithombe. Amazinga e-Grayscale ngokuvamile aqala ku-0 kuye ku-255, lapho u-0 emelela okumnyama, u-255 umele okumhlophe, futhi izinombolo phakathi kwazo zimelela amazinga ahlukene okumpunga. Ukuphakama kwevelu ye-grayscale, isithombe siyakhanya; lapho kuncipha inani le-grayscale, isithombe siba mnyama.
Amanani e-Grayscale avezwa njengama-integer alula, okuvumela amakhompyutha ukuthi enze izahlulelo ngokushesha futhi alungise lapho ecubungula izithombe. Lokhu kuvezwa kwezinombolo kwenza kube lula kakhulu inkimbinkimbi yokucutshungulwa kwezithombe futhi kunikeza amathuba okumelwa kwezithombe okuhlukahlukene.
I-Grayscale isetshenziswa kakhulu ekucubunguleni izithombe ezimnyama nezimhlophe, kodwa futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ezithombeni zombala. Inani elimpunga lesithombe sombala libalwa ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe sezingxenye ezintathu zombala we-RGB (obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani, noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Lesi silinganiso esinesisindo ngokuvamile sisebenzisa izisindo ezintathu zika-0.299, 0.587, no-0.114, ezihambisana nemibala emithathu ebomvu, eluhlaza, neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Le ndlela yokulinganisa isukela ekuzweleni okuhlukile kweso lomuntu kuya kumibala ehlukene, okwenza isithombe esimpunga esiguquliwe sihambisane kakhulu nezici ezibonakalayo zeso lomuntu.
I-Grayscale yesibonisi se-LED
Isibonisi se-LED siyidivayisi yokubonisa esetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhangiseni, ekuzijabuliseni, kwezokuthutha nakweminye imikhakha. Umphumela wayo wokubonisa uhlobene ngokuqondile nolwazi lomsebenzisi kanye nomphumela wokudlulisa ulwazi. Esibonisini se-LED, umqondo we-grayscale ubaluleke kakhulu ngoba uthinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza kombala nekhwalithi yesithombe yesibonisi.
I-grayscale yesibonisi se-LED ibhekisela ekusebenzeni kwephikseli ye-LED eyodwa kumaleveli okukhanya ahlukene. Amanani ahlukene e-grayscale ahambisana namaleveli okukhanya ahlukene. Lapho iphakama ileveli ye-grayscale, umbala ocebile nemininingwane engaboniswa isibonisi.
Isibonelo, isistimu ye-8-bit grayscale ingahlinzeka ngamaleveli e-grayscale angu-256, kuyilapho isistimu ye-grayscale engu-12-bit ingahlinzeka ngamaleveli e-grayscale angu-4096. Ngakho-ke, amaleveli e-grayscale aphezulu angenza isibonisi se-LED sibonise izithombe ezishelelayo nezingokwemvelo.
Ezibonisini ze-LED, ukusetshenziswa kwe-grayscale ngokuvamile kuncike kubuchwepheshe be-PWM (i-pulse wide modulation). I-PWM ilawula ukukhanya kwe-LED ngokulungisa isilinganiso sesikhathi sokuvula nesokuvala ukuze kuzuzwe amazinga ahlukene e-grayscale. Le ndlela ayikwazi ukulawula ngokunembile kuphela ukukhanya, kodwa futhi inciphisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ngobuchwepheshe be-PWM, izibonisi ze-LED zingafinyelela izinguquko ezinothile ze-grayscale kuyilapho kugcinwa ukugqama okuphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela kunikeze umphumela wokubonisa isithombe esintekenteke.
Isikali esimpunga
I-Grade Grayscale ibhekisela enanini lamaleveli e-grayscale, okungukuthi, inombolo yamaleveli okukhanya ahlukene isibonisi esingawabonisa. Ukuphakama kwebanga elimpunga, kuceba ukusebenza kombala kwesibonisi kanye nemininingwane yesithombe ibe mincane. Izinga legreyscale lithinta ngokuqondile ukugcwala kombala nokugqama kwesibonisi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte umphumela wokubonisa uwonke.
8-bit grayscale
Isistimu ye-grayscale engu-8-bit ingahlinzeka ngamaleveli e-grayscale angu-256 (amandla angu-2 ukuya kwangu-8), okuyileveli empunga evame kakhulu yezibonisi ze-LED. Nakuba amaleveli e-grayscale angu-256 engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezijwayelekile zokubonisa, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu, i-8-bit grayscale ingase ingabi bucayi ngokwanele, ikakhulukazi uma ibonisa izithombe zebanga eliphezulu le-dynamic (HDR).
I-10-bit grayscale
Isistimu ye-grayscale engu-10-bit ingahlinzeka ngamaleveli e-grayscale angu-1024 (amandla angu-2 kuye kwayi-10), ethambile futhi enokushintsha kombala okushelelayo kune-8-bit grayscale. Amasistimu we-10-bit grayscale avame ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokubonisa ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezifana nesithombe sezokwelapha, ukuthwebula izithombe okuphrofeshinali, nokukhiqizwa kwevidiyo.
I-12-bit grayscale
Isistimu ye-grayscale engu-12-bit ingahlinzeka ngamaleveli e-grayscale angu-4096 (amandla angu-2 ukuya kwangu-12), okuyileveli empunga ephezulu kakhulu futhi enganikeza ukusebenza kwesithombe okuntekenteke kakhulu. Isistimu ye-grayscale eyi-12-bit ivamise ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokubonisa ezidinga kakhulu, ezifana ne-aerospace, ukuqapha kwezempi nezinye izinkambu.
Kuzikrini zokubonisa ze-LED, ukusebenza kwe-grayscale akuncikile kuphela ekusekelweni kwehadiwe, kodwa futhi kudinga ukubambisana kwama-algorithms esofthiwe. Ngokusebenzisa ama-algorithms okucubungula izithombe athuthukisiwe, ukusebenza kwe-grayscale kungathuthukiswa nakakhulu, ukuze isikrini esibonisiwe sikwazi ukubuyisela ngokunembe kakhudlwana isigcawu sangempela ezingeni eliphezulu le-grayscale.
Isiphetho
I-Grayscale iwumqondo obalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwesithombe nasekuboniseni ubuchwepheshe, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuzikrini zokubonisa ze-LED kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokulawula okusebenzayo nokuvezwa kwesikali esimpunga, izikrini zokubonisa ze-LED zinganikeza imibala ecebile nezithombe ezithambile, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise umuzwa wokubukwayo komsebenzisi. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo, ukukhethwa kwamaleveli e-grayscale ahlukene kudinga ukunqunywa ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zokusetshenziswa nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokubonisa ongcono kakhulu.
Ukufakwa kwesikali esimpunga kwezikrini zokubonisa ze-LED kuncike kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-PWM, obulawula ukukhanya kwama-LED ngokulungisa isilinganiso sesikhathi sokushintsha sama-LED ukuze kuzuzwe amazinga ahlukene e-grayscale. Izinga le-grayscale lithinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza kombala kanye nekhwalithi yesithombe yesikrini esiboniswayo. Kusukela ku-8-bit grayscale ukuya ku-12-bit grayscale, ukusetshenziswa kwamaleveli e-grayscale ahlukahlukene kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokubonisa kumaleveli ahlukene.
Ngokuvamile, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kanye nenqubekela phambili yobuchwepheshe be-grayscale inikeza ububanziisicelo Ithemba lokubonisa izikrini ze-LED. Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula izithombe kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, ukusebenza kwe-grayscale yezikrini zokubonisa ze-LED kuzoba okuvelele kakhulu, okulethe abasebenzisi umuzwa obonakalayo oshaqisayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha futhi usebenzisa izikrini zokubonisa ze-LED, ukuqonda okujulile nokusebenzisa okunengqondo kobuchwepheshe be-grayscale kuzoba ukhiye wokuthuthukisa umphumela wokubonisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-09-2024
